Get Gauhati University B.Ed Entrance Exam 2024 Current Issues in Indian Education, Policies, MCQs & Notes which is design as per exam Need. If you are serious about Gauhati University B.Ed Entrance Exam 2024 then this post will definitely help you score well in Examination.
CURRENT INDIAN EDUCATION (ISSUES AND POLICIES) NOTES
The short note on National Policy on Education (NPE), 1986:
1. Decentralization of education and establishment of District Institute of Education and Training.
2. Making sufficient funds available for education by increasing the expenditure up to 6% of GDP.
3. The uniform pattern of 10+2+3 pattern of education for all over the Country was recommended for immediate implementation.
4. Reorganization of educational programs at Primary, Secondary and Higher Secondary level. Also, the reorganization of school curriculum was recommended.
5. Early Childhood Care and Education was emphasized, recommending proper availability of food and a healthy environment.
6. Free and compulsory education was advocated until the completion of the elementary level.
7. The reorganization of secondary schools was suggested.
8. Compulsory school subjects, such as languages, mathematics, science, social science, statistics, humanities, and history, as well as concepts such as national and constitutional responsibility of citizens, were to be given prime importance in teaching.
9. The expansion of higher education was to be facilitated through the establishment of Open Universities and Distance Education Institutions, with this mode of education receiving equal status and recognition by the UGC.
10. Recognition was to be given to the role of technical and management education.
11. The evaluation system was to be improved by incorporating Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation.
12. There was a recommendation to delink degrees from jobs and place more emphasis on skill-based learning.
13. Improvements in teacher education programs were recommended, including giving NCTE constitutional status and establishing DIET and CTEs.
14. For the improvement in education, it was recommended to implement Educational Technology in Indian classrooms.
15. For making the education system more effective, Minimum Level of Learning (MLL) was decided.
16. Equal Opportunity for all was managed by giving special space to women, SCs, STs, OBCs, and Physically weaker sections of society.
17. More schools were to be opened, and resources made available for students located in remote areas.
18. The IEDS scheme was launched for students from the Physically weaker sections.
SUMMARY OF NATIONAL POLICY ON EDUCATION
National Policy on Education (NPE) 1986:
– Decentralization: Introduced decentralization of education.
– Funding: Made sufficient funds available for education.
– Uniformity: Established a uniform pattern of education across the country.
– Reorganization: Reorganized educational programs and school curriculum.
– Early Childhood: Focused on early childhood care and education.
– Compulsory Education: Ensured free and compulsory education.
– Secondary Schools: Reorganized secondary schools.
– Core Subjects: Emphasized compulsory school subjects.
– Higher Education: Introduced Open University and distance education.
– Technical and Management Recognition: Gave recognition to technical and management education.
RASHTRIYA MADHYAMIK SHIKSHA ABHIYAN (RMSA)
Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA) is a centrally sponsored scheme launched by the Government of India, Ministry of Human Resource Development in March 2009. It aims to enhance secondary education in government schools across India, focusing on quality improvement and increasing enrollment rates. The scheme targets universal education for children aged 15-16 years and is implemented through state governments with separate agencies for funding and execution.
Objectives of RMSA:
1. Improve the quality of secondary education by ensuring all secondary schools meet prescribed norms.
2. Remove barriers based on gender, socio-economic status, and disabilities.
3. Achieve universal access to secondary education by 2017.
4. Ensure universal retention of students by 2020.
Components of RMSA:
1. Quality Improvement: Enhancing infrastructure, teacher training, and curriculum development.
2. ICT (Information Communication Technologies) Access and Equity: Promoting digital literacy and bridging educational gaps.
3. Integrated Education for Disabled Children (IEDC): Ensuring inclusive education for children with disabilities.
4. Mid-Day Meal Scheme: Providing nutritious meals to enhance attendance and nutritional levels among students.
Mid-Day Meal Scheme (MDMS):
The Mid-Day Meal Scheme (MDMS) was initiated in 1995 to provide free meals to students of government schools across India. It became a cooked meal program in 2001, offering a daily meal with a minimum of 300 calories and 8-10 grams of protein. By October 2007, it was extended to upper primary levels in backward blocks, contributing to improved nutritional status and school attendance.
Advantages of Mid-Day Meal Scheme:
1. Mitigates classroom hunger.
2. Increases school enrollment and attendance.
3. Enhances social integration.
4. Addresses malnutrition.
5. Empowers women through employment opportunities.
Disadvantages of Mid-Day Meal Scheme:
1. Corruption in implementation.
2. Variability in food quality across different regions.
3. Operational challenges in some areas.
4. Potential misuse of resources intended for students.
In conclusion, both RMSA and the Mid-Day Meal Scheme are critical initiatives aimed at improving educational outcomes and nutritional status among school children in India, albeit facing challenges in implementation and sustainability.
NEW EDUCATION POLICY 2020
The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 marks a significant overhaul of India’s education system, replacing the policy last updated in 1986. This revision acknowledges the substantial societal, economic, and global changes over the past three decades, aiming to align education with the demands of the 21st century.
New Structure of School Curriculum:
1. Foundational Stage: Includes three years of Anganwadi or pre-schooling followed by classes 1-2.
2. Preparatory Stage: Covers classes 3-5.
3. Middle Stage: Encompasses classes 6-8.
4. Secondary Stage: Includes classes 9-12.
Key Features of NEP 2020:
1. Structural Reform: Shifts from the 10+2 structure to a more flexible 5+3+3+4 structure.
2. Vocational Education: Introduces vocational courses from the 6th grade onwards.
3. Subject Flexibility: Allows students to choose subjects starting from class 8.
4. Major-Minor System: Offers flexibility in choosing majors and minors in higher education.
5. Regulatory Merger: Merges UGC (University Grants Commission) and AICTE (All India Council for Technical Education) into a single higher education regulator.
6. Technological Integration: Establishes the National Educational Technology Forum (NETF) to promote technology-driven learning and administration.
7. Multilingual Education: Promotes multilingualism in both schools and higher education.
8. Public Investment: Aims to increase public investment in education to reach 6% of GDP.
Agenda of NEP 2020:
1. Inclusive Education: Establishes Gender Inclusion Fund and Special Education Zones for disadvantaged regions and groups.
2. Language Institutes: Sets up institutes for languages like Pali, Persian, and Prakrit, and Indian Institute of Translation and Interpretation.
3. Credit Transfer: Implements a credit transfer system and an Academic Bank of Credits to facilitate seamless education mobility.
4. Flexibility in Education: Introduces multiple entry and exit points in degree programs.
5. Holistic Approach: Focuses on multidisciplinary education and research.
6. Research and Teaching Focus: Classifies higher educational institutions into research-intensive and teaching-intensive categories.
7. Autonomous Colleges: Grants autonomy to colleges for better academic governance.
Reforms In Higher Education:
1. Enrolment Targets: Aims for a Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) of 50% by 2035.
2. Degree Structure: Offers flexibility in undergraduate (3 or 4 years) and postgraduate (1 or 2 years) programs.
3. M Phil Discontinuation: Discontinues M Phil programs to streamline academic pathways.
4. Unified Governance: Establishes unified governance for all universities and institutes.
5. Continuous Evaluation: Implements semester-wise exams and reduces syllabus to core concepts for practical application.
The NEP 2020 represents a comprehensive effort to modernize India’s education system, emphasizing flexibility, inclusivity, and relevance to meet the challenges of the 21st century.
IMPORTANT MCQS ON CURRENT INDIAN EDUCATION
1. According to the National Education Policy 2020, by how much percent the Gross Enrolment Ratio in higher education to be raised?
(A) 25%
(B) 30%
(C) 40%
(D) 50%
Answer: (D) 50%
2. Who was the first Chairman of University Grants Commission?
(A) Dr. Manmohan Singh
(B) Prof. Yash Pal
(C) Prof. S.S. Bhatnagar
(D) Prof. D.S. Kothari
Answer: (C) Prof. S.S. Bhatnagar
3. Distance education is not:
(A) Telemetric teaching
(B) Distance study
(C) Work-oriented education
(D) De-schooling
Answer: (C) Work-oriented education
4. In which models of Integrated Education Programme is being implemented in large scale by governmental and non-governmental agencies in India?
(A) Resource model
(B) Itinerant model
(C) Both (A) & (B)
(D) Dual Teaching Model
Answer: (C) Both (A) & (B)
5. Fair and free election means:
(A) Transparency
(B) To maintain law and order
(C) Regional considerations
(D) Role for pressure groups
Answer: (B) To maintain law and order
6. Which of the following institutions in the field of education is set up by the M Government of India?
(A) Indian council of world Affair, New Delhi
(B) Mythic Society, Bangalore
(C) National Bal Bhawan, New Delhi
(D) India International Centre, New Delhi
Answer: (C) National Bal Bhawan, New Delhi
7. Ministry of Human Resource Development (HRD) includes:
(A) Department of Elementary Education and Literacy
(B) Department of Secondary Education and Higher Education
(C) Department of Women and Child Development
(D) All the above
Answer: (D) All the above
8. Which of the following is/are minority institution(s)?
1. Punjabi University, Patiala
2. Osmania University, Hyderabad
3. Kashmir University, Srinagar
4. St. Stephens College, Delhi
Select the correct answer from the code given below:
(A) 1 and 2
(B) 2 and 4
(C) 2 only
(D) 4 only
Answer: (D) 4 only
9. Which of the following statements are correct about the National Advisory Council (NAC)?
1. The National Advisory Council is a statutory body.
2. It is headed by the Prime Minister of India.
3. It facilitates constant interaction with the leaders of civil society.
4. It provides policy and legislative inputs to the Government of India.
Select the correct answer from the code given below:
(A) 1, 2 and 3
(B) 2, 3 and 4
(C) 1, 3 and 4
(D) 3 and 4
Answer: (D) 3 and 4
11. CLASS stands for:
(A) Complete Literacy and Studies in Schools
(B) Computer Literates and Students in Schools
(C) Computer Literacy and Studies in Schools
(D) Centre for Literacy and Studies in Schools
Answer: (C) Computer Literacy and Studies in Schools
12. The main objective of teaching at Higher Education Level is:
(A) To prepare students to pass examination
(B) To develop the capacity to take decisions
(C) To give new information
(D) To motivate students to ask questions during lecture
Answer: (B) To develop the capacity to take decisions
13. The University Grants Commission was constituted on the recommendation of:
(A) Dr. Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan Commission
(B) Mudaliar Commission
(C) Sargent Commission
(D) Kothari Commission
Answer: (A) Dr. Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan Commission
14. The University which telecasts interactive educational programmes through its own channel is:
(A) B. R. Ambedkar Open University, Hyderabad
(B) IGNOU
(C) University of Pune
(D) Annamalai University
Answer: (B) IGNOU
15. The Government established the University Grants Commission by an Act of Parliament in the year:
(A) 1980
(B) 1948
(C) 1950
(D) 1956
Answer: (D) 1956
16. Universities having central campus for imparting education are called:
(A) Central Universities
(B) Deemed Universities
(C) Residential Universities
(D) Open Universities
Answer: (A) Central Universities
17. The policy recommended by the Kothari Commission vis-à-vis language is:
(A) Three language formula
(B) Two language formula
(C) Hindi
(D) Mother Tongue
Answer: (A) Three language formula
18. Which of the following State does not have State Open University?
(A) Odisha
(B) Bihar
(C) Assam
(D) West Bengal
Answer: (A) Odisha
19. RTE Act was implemented in India with effect from:
(A) 1st April 2009
(B) 1st May 2010
(C) 1st April 2008
(D) 1st April 2010
Answer: (B) 1st May 2010
20. The first National Policy on Education in free India was launched in the year:
(A) 1947
(B) 1964
(C) 1968
(D) 1986
Answer: (C) 1968
21. Why is Sharda Act important in the Indian context?
(A) It recommends free education for all children up to the age of fourteen.
(B) It recommends supply of study materials to girls free of cost.
(C) It prohibits child marriage of girls.
(D) It prohibits child labour.
Answer- (C) It prohibits child marriage of girls.
22. Operation Black-Board Programme was introduced to improve
(A) Teacher Education
(B) Primary Education
(C) Secondary Education
(D) Higher Education
Answer- (B) Primary Education
23. The ceiling fixed by the Supreme Court for reservation for the socially and economically disadvantaged sections is
(A) 19%
(B) 22%
(C) 49%
(D) 50%
Answer- (D) 50%
24. Teacher education is considered as a technical education in
(A)U.S.A.
(B) U.K.
(C) U.S.S.R.
(D) India
Answer- (A) U.S.A.
25. ….. will be created as an apex body for fostering a strong research culture and building research capacity across higher education as per NEP 2020.
(A) National Commission Foundation
(B) Higher Commission Education
(C) National Research Foundation
(D) None of the above
Anser. (C) National Research Foundation
26. Refresher courses for teacher education in secondary level are conducted by
(A) State Institutes of Education
(B) Academic Staff Colleges
(C) National Institute of Education
(D) National Council for Teacher Education
Answer- (A) State Institutes of Education
27. The objective of Inclusive Education is
(A) to uncover and minimize barriers to learning
(B) to change attitudes, behaviours, teaching methods, curricular and environments to meet the needs of all children
(C) to promote constantly the local cultures and contents of various communities of the society
(D) All the above
Answer- (D) All the above
28. The South Asia University is situated in the city of
(A) Colombo
(B) Dhaka
(C) New Delhi
(D) Kathmandu
Answer- (C) New Delhi
29. Chancellor of Visva-Bharati University?
(A) President of India
(B) Prime Minister of India
(C) Governor of West Bengal
(D) Chief Minister of West Bengal
Answer- (B) Prime Minister of India
30. Indian Institute of Advanced Study is located at
(A) Dharamshala
(B) Shimla
(C) Solan
(D) Chandigarh
Answer- (B) Shimla
31. Special Education Courses are controlled by
(A) Special Education Council of India
(B) Rehabilitation Council of India
(C) National Council of Teacher Education
(D) Medical Council of India
Answer- (B) Rehabilitation Council of India
32. National Knowledge Commission is headed by
(A) D.S. Kothari
(B) Amartya Sen
(C) Sam Pitroda
(D) Azim Premji
Answer- (C) Sam Pitroda
33. First Open University in India was established in the year
(A) 1961
(B)1982
(C) 1985
(D) 2001
Answer- (B) 1982
34. Inclusive Education refers to
(A) Special teaching to disabled students
(B) Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan
(C) Equal educational opportunities to
disabled and normal students
(D) Special education in special schools
Answer- (C) Equal educational opportunities
to disabled and normal students
35. Which of the following is the apex body in the area of Teacher Education inindia?
(A) UGC
(B) MHRD
(C) NCTE
(D) NCERT
Answer- (C) NCTE
36. Who have signed MOU for accreditation of Teacher Education Institutions inIndia?
(A) NAAC and UGC
(B) NCTE and NAAC
(C) UGC and NCTE
(D) None of the above
Answer- (B) NCTE and NAAC
37. As per NCTE norms, what should be the pattern of teaching staff for a unit of 100, students at B.Ed. level?
(A) 1+7
(B) 1 +9
(C) 1 + 10
(D) 1 +5
Answer- (A) 1+7
38. Which of the following commissions suggested silent meditation as a part of moral values?
(A) Secondary Education Commission
(B) University Education Commission
(C) National Education Commission
(D) Indian Education Commission
Answer- (B) University Education Commission.
39. Which of the following is described as Magna-Carta of Indian Education?
(A) Sargent Commission
(B) Wood’s Despatch
(C) Macaulay Minutes
(D) Hunter Commission
Answer-(B) Wood’s Despatch
40. District Primary Education Programme
(DPEP) was started in
(A) 1990
(B) 1994
(C) 1998
(D) 1996
Answer- (B) 1994
41. University Education Commission constituted in 1948 was appointed by
(A) Ministry of Human Resource
Development
(B) Ministry of Education
(C) NCERT
(D) ICSSR
Answer- (B) Ministry of Education
42. Education falls under the
(A) Concurrent List
(B) Fundamental Rights
(C) Constitution of India
(D) State List
Answer- (A) Concurrent List
43. Which part of Indian Constitution allows every citizen to impart education as per ones own religion ?
(A) Directive Principles
(B) Concurrent list of centre and the States
(C) Democratic rights
(D)Fundamental Rights
Answer- (D) Fundamental Rights
44. Which of the following Commission first decentralized the primary education?
(A)Hunter Commission
(B) Mudaliar Commission
(C) Kothari Commission
(D) Sadler Commission
Answer- (A) Hunter Commission
45. According to 2011 Census Report, the difference between literacy rates of men and women in India is about
(A) 10%
(B) 17%
(C) 21%
(D) 27%
Answer-(B) 17%
46. The main purpose of Navodaya Vidyalayas is to give education to
(A) Rural talented students
(B) Urban students
(C) Girls students only
(D) Rural students
Answer- (A) Rural talented students
47. The idea of Four Pillars of Education was suggested by
(A) UNICEF
(B) UNESCO
(C) NCTE
(D) UGC
Answer- (B) UNESCO
48. Selection Test for admission to teacher training program was suggested by
(A) NCTE
(B) NAAC
(C) NPERC
(D) NCERT
Answer- (C) NPERC
49. NCTE was established by an act of Parliament in
(A) 1975
(B) 1995
(C) 1996
(D) 1986
Answer-(B) 1995
50. In which country the first Open University was established in the world?
(A) U.S.A.
(B) U.K.
(C) India
(D) Australia
Answer- (B) U.K.
51. Continuous Comprehensive Evaluation
in school education was started by
(A) CBSE
(B) UGC
(C) SCERT
(D) IGNOU
Answer- (A) CBSE
52. Equality of Educational opportunities is possible by
(A) Extending portals of educational institutions to all without any discrimination
(B) Opening more educational institutions
(C) Privatizing the education system in thecountry
(D) Public funding of Education
Answer-(A) Extending portals of educational institutions to all without any discrimination
53. Inclusive education is about
(A) making provision for all children
(B) welcoming and celebrating diversity
(C) both (A) and (B) are true
(D) none of the above
Answer- (C) both (A) and (B) are true
54. The Right to Education Act recently passed by our Parliament is an extension of the a1992 following article of our Constitution
(A) 13
(B) 15,
(C) 45
(D) 55
Answer- (C) 45
55. The title of the Report of Education Commission (1964-66) is
(A) Learning without Burden
(B) An Enlightened and Humane Society
(C) Education and the People of India
(D) Éducation and National Development
Answer- (D) Éducation and National Development
56. The principal function of the NCERT is an extension work with the State Education departments centering around the improvement of
(A) higher education
(B) school education
(C) secondary education
(D) technical education
Answer- (B) school education
57. I.A.S.Es in teacher education were started in
(A) 1964
(B) 1968
(C) 1986
(D) 1992
Answer- (D) 1992
58. International Institute of Educational Planning is at
(A) London
(B) Paris
(C) New York
(D) New Delhi
Answer- (B) Paris
59. Internship Programme of teacher education provides
(A) Content courses
(B) Practical courses
(C) Complete school environment
(D) Research courses
Answer-(C) Complete school environment
60. Which is the following agency regulates and monitors special education programme in India?
(A) Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment
(B) Ministry of Human Resource and Development
(C)Rehabilitation Council of India
(D) National Council of Teacher Education
Answer- (C) Rehabilitation Council of India
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Important Links
- GU BEDCET Syllabus 2024
- Gauhati University B.Ed – Current Indian Education Notes/MCQs
- GU BEDCET Question Papers
- GU BEDCET 2024 Complete Notes & MCQs Sets
Last Words
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