On this post, we provide AHSEC Class 12 History Chapter 17: Framing The Constitution Notes and important question and answers for the 2025 examination.
After going through this unit you will be able: To learn about the background for the formation of Indian Constitution. To discuss about the role of the Indian leaders for preparing the various clauses fro this longest constitution of the world. To examine the debates & arguments of the leaders regarding separate electorate, national language, provision for backward classes etc. To trace the clauses, provisions and rights of the Indians. To elaborate the salient features of the Constitution.
Chapter – 17
THEME FIFTEEN: FRAMING OF THE CONSTITUTION
The Beginning of a New Era
Ahsec Class 12 History Chapter 17 Model questions and Answer for 1 mark: (very short type)
1. Who was the Chaiemen of the Drafting Committee of the Indian Constitution? 1mark (2017, 2013)
Ans: Dr. B.R. Ambedkar.
2. Who was the writer of sare-Jahanse-accha-hindusta hamara? 1mark (2016, 2015)
Ans: Mohammad Iqbal.
3. What was the name of present Bangladesh during the time of partition of India? 1 (2014)
Ans: It was known as Purbabanga (East Bengal).
4. Who was the first president of Independant India? 1mark (2012)
Ans: Dr. Rajendra Prasad.
5. When did the Constitution of India efected? 1mark
Ans: Th eConstitution of India ffect on 26 January 1950.
6. In when the Constitution of India was formed? Imark
Ans: The Constitution of India was framed between December 1946 and December 1949.
7. How many sessions were sit in forming the Constitution” Imark
Ans: Eleven sessions were sit to formed Indian Constitution.
8. How many members in the Constituent assembly? 1
Ans: It was 300 memebers in the Constituent Assembly.
9. What is the colour of the wheel on Indian National Flag? Imark
Ans: It is blue colour.
10. Who was Constitutional Advisor to the Government of India? 1mark
Ans: B. N. Rau.
11. How many volumes of Indian Constitution? Imark
Ans: It had three volume.
12. How many years took to formed the Indian Constitution? Imark
Ans: It took three years.
13. Name one Communist leader of the Constituent Assembly. 1mark
Ans: somnath Lahiri was prominent.
14. How many fundamental rights in Indian Constitution? Imark
Ans: In Indian Constitution 6 funda mental rights mentioned.
15. Who supported the separate electorate in Constituent Assembly? 1mark
Ans: B. Pocker Bahadur from Madras supported it.
16. Name the language, which was supported by Gandhiji to be a National language. 1mark
Ans: Hundustani language was supported by him.
17. Who is known as the protector of the Indian Constitution? 1mark
Ans: President of India is the protector.
18. Who was known as the father of Indian Constitution? Imark
Ans: B.R. Ambedkar.
19. Which constitutions of the World follwed in preparing the Indian Constitution. 1mark
Ans: Constitution of America, Switzerland, Ireland and Britain.
Ahsec Class 12 History Chapter 17 Model questions and Answer for 2 Marks :
1. Name two representatives of Indian National Congress, who played particularly important role in the Constituent Assembly of India. 2marks (2019)
Ans: They were Jawaharlal Nehru, Vallabh Bhai Patel and Rajendra Prasad.
2. Mention two measures recommended by the Constituent Assembly for the abolition of untouchability in India. 2marks (2018)
Ans: These were-
(i) Society had used their services and labour but kept them at a social distance, refusing to mix with them or dine with them or allow them entry into temples.
(ii) It can removed through access to education, to share in the administration.
3. Why did Gandhiji considered Hindustani to be the national language of India? 2marks (2017, 2012)
Ans: (i) Mahatma Gandhi felt that every one should speak in a language that common people could easily understand.
(ii) Hindustani a blend of Hindi and Urdu was a popular language of a large section of the people of India, and it was a composite language enriched by the interaction of diverse cultures.
4. How did the representatives selected for the Indian Constitution.
Ans: (1) The members of the Constituent Assembly were not elected on the basis of universal franchise. In the winter of 1945-46 provincial elections were held in India.
(ii) The Provincial Legislatures then chose the representative to the Constituent Assembly.
5. Who were the assistance of Ambedkar in Constituent Assembly? 2marks
Ans: K.M. Munshi from Gujarat and Alladi Krishnaswamy Aiyar from Madras.
6. Who did move the crucial ‘Objectives Resolution’? 2
Ans: The Crucial Resolution was moved by Jawaharlal Nehru
7. Why was the new constitution of Independent India introduced on 26 January 1950? 2marks
Ans: Because it was the 20th anniversary of the historical day on which the Congress had declared Complete Independence as its final goal.
8. Which were the two main dissents of the Indian Constitution? 2marks
Ans: (i) Its being written primarily in English.
(ii) Requirement of no educational qualification for any of the post enshrined in it.
9. When was the Drafting Committee formed? Who was its chairman? 2marks
Ans: The Drafting Committee was formed on 29 August 1947 Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was its chairman.
10. When and under which scheme the Constituent Assembly was formed? 2marks
Ans: The Constituent Assembly was formed in October, 1946 as per the Cabinet Mission Scheme.
11. When and under whose Presidentship the first session of all India States People’s Conference was held? 2
Ans: The first session of all India States People’s Conference was held in 1927 under the presidentship of Diwan Bahadur. M. Ramchan Rai the renowned leader of Ellore.
12. What were the reply of Gandhi against ambedkar’s view on separate electorate? 2marks
Ans: Gandhi arguing that this would permanently segregate them from the rest of society.
13. what were the lists provided by the Constitution in administration? 2marks
Ans: The Draft Constitution provided for three lists of subjects: Union, State, and Concurrent. 2marks
14. What is Article 356?
Ans: Article 356 gave the Centre the powers to take over a state administration on the recommendation of the Governor.
15. What do you mean by Concurrent list? 2marks
Ans: It is about the administration of Central and State. In some assests of provincial government like mineral resources are not only the property of the state, its a resource of the coutry too. So, these would be used by both the government. This is called concurrent list.
Ahsec Class 12 History Chapter 17 Model questions and Answer for 3/4 Marks :
1. What were the ideals expressed in the Objectives Resolution? 4marks
Ans: Jawahar Lai Nehru presented the Objectives Resolution in the Constituent Assembly on 13 December, 1946. It gave a brief account of the ideals and objectives of the Constitution. These are following:
(i) India was declared an independent sovereign republic.
(ii) Justice, equality and fraternity were assured to all the citizens ( of India.
(iii) Adequate safeguards were provided to minorities. It also referred to the well-being of the backward and depressed classes.
(v) It was made an objective that India would combine the liberal ideas of democracy with the socialist idea of economic justice.
(vi) India would adopt that form of government which would be acceptable to its people. No imposition from the British would be acceptable by the people of India.
(vii) India would work for peace and human wealfare.
2. How was the term minority defined by different groups? 4marks
Ans: N.G. Ranga, a socialist who had been a leader of the peasant movement, urged that
(i) the term minorities be interpreted in economic terms.
(ii) The real minorities werethe poor and the downtrodden.
(iii) Some considered that the real minorities were the masses of our country who were so depressed and oppressed that they were ot evenable to take advantage of the ordinary civil rights.
(iv) Singh spoke eloquently on the need to protect the tribes, and ensure conditions that could help them come up to thelevel of the general population.
3. Give an account on the Vision of the Constitution.
Ans: (i) On 13 December 1946, Jawaharlal Nehru introduced the “Objectives Resolution” in the Constituent Assembly.
(ii) It proclaimed India to be an “Independent Sovereign Republic” guaranteed its citizens justice, equality and freedom.
(iii) It assured that “adequate safeguards shall be provided for minorities, backward and tribal areas, and Depressed and Other Backward Classes.
4. Write briefly about the discussion on ‘Untouchability in Constituent Assembly.
Ans: (i) The problem of the “Untouchables” could not be resolved through protection and safeguards alone.
(ii) Their disabilities were caused by the social norms and the moral values of caste society.
(iii) Society had used their services and labour but kept them a a social distance, refusing to mix with them or dine with them or allow them entry into temples.
(iv) It can removed through access to education, to share in the administration.
5. Give an account on the three lists in Indian Constuitution. 3marks
Ans: (i) The Draft Constitution provided for three lists of subjects: Union, State, and Concurrent.
(ii) The subjects in the first list were to be the preserve of the Central Government, while those in the second list were vested with the states.
(iii) As for the third list, here Centre and state shared responsibility.
6. Write briefly about the fiscal feudalism.
Ans: The Constitution also mandated for a complex system of fiscal federalism.
(i) In the case of some taxes (for instance, customs duties and Company taxes) the Centre retained all the proceeds
(ii) In other cases (such as income tax and excise duties) it shared them with the states; in still other cases (for instance, estate duties) it assigned them wholly to the states.
(iii) The states, meanwhile, could levy and collect certain taxes on their own: these included land and property taxes, sales tax, and the hugely profitable tax on bottled liquor.
7. Mention four features of Indian Constitution.
Ans: Features of the Indian Constitution are-
(i) The lengthiest Constitution in the world.
(ii) Parliamentary form of Government
(iii) Unique blend of rigidity and flexibility
(iv) Fundamental Rights.
8. Give an account on the language controversy in Constituent assembly. 4marks
Ans: (a) Hindustani (Hindi+Urdu) started getting separate due to communal parties.
(b) Language became politicized for communal identity.
(c) R.V. Dhulkar supported Hindi to be made language of the Constitution
(d) It created a furor (debate) in the Constituent Assembly which was mediated by Pt. Jawahar lal Nehru.
9. Why according to Pant, separate electorate would be suicidal to the minorities?
Ans: (a) If they are isolated forever, they can never convert themselves into a majority and thefeeling of frustation will cripple them even from the very beginning.
(b) Minorities should nor remain as minorities, rather they should join the main stream and form an integral part of a great nation.
(c) The minorities if they are returned by separate electorates can never have any effective voice.
10. What do you understand by ‘Separate Electorate’?
Ans: Under provisions of the government of India Act, 1909, Separate electorates were made for the Muslims. Only Muslims could be elected from these constituencies. According to the British Administrators it was done in order to safe guard the interests of the Muslims minority.
Ahsec Class 12 History Chapter 17 Model questions and Answer for 5 Marks :
1. Mention the arguments raised by some members in the debates of the Constituent Assembly against separate electorate system. 5marks (HS 2024, 2018)
Ans: (i) On 27 August 1947, B. Pocker Bahadur from Madras made a powerful plea for continuing separate electorates.
(ii) Only separate electorates would ensure that Muslims had a meaningful voice in the governance of the country.
(iii) This demand for separate electorates provoked anger and dismay amongst most nationalists.
(iv) Countering the demand for separate electorates, Govind Ballabh Pant declared that it was not only harmful for the nation but also for the minorities.
(v) N.G. Ranga, a socialist who had been a leader of the peasant movement urged that the term minorities be interpreted in econmic terms.
2. Discuss briefly the salient features of Indian Constitution. 5marks (2016)
Ans: Salient Features of the Indian Constitution are-
(i) The lengthiest Constitution in the world.
(ii) Parliamentary form of Government
(i) Unique blend of rigidity and flexibility
(iv) Fundamental Rights
(v) Directive Principles of State policy (DPSP)
(vi) A federation with strong centralising tendency
(vii) Adult Suffrage
(viii) An Independent Judiciary
(ix) A Secular State
(x) Single Citizenship.
3. Why did Mahatma Gandhi think Hindustani should be the National language? 5marks
Ans. He thought due to the following reasons-
(1) By the 1950s, the Congress had accepted that Hindustani ought to be the national language.
(ii) Mahatma Gandhi felt that every one should speak in language that common people could easily understand. a
(iii) Hindustani a blend of Hindi and Urdu was a popular language of a large section of the people of India, and it was a composite language enriched by the interaction of diverse cultures.
(iv) Over the years it had incorporated words and terms from very many different sources, and was therefore understood by people from various regions.
(v) This multicultural language, Mahatma Gandhi thought would be the ideal language of communication between diverse communities: it could unify Hindus and Muslims, and people of the north and south.
4. Why is the Indian constitution acceptable to the Indian people even today?
Ans: (i) The Indian Constitution is acceptable to all because it was based on a broad consensus and did not reflect the views of the drafting committee alone.
(ii) Even though there was no universal adult Franchise at that time. The constituent assembly consisted of people of all regions and communities making it a miniature India.
(iii) Eminent people like Maulana Azad and women like Sarojini Naidu played an important part in the constituent assembly as did people of all casts and creeds.
(iv) Furthermore, the constituent assembly worked in a systematic and open manner.
(v) The basic principles were agreed upon, then a draft constitution was prepared for discussion.
(vi) The draft constitution was discussed thoroughly clause by clause for nearly 3 years before being finalized.
5. How was the term minority defined by different groups?
Ans: The term minority was defined by different groups in the
following ways:
(i) Ambedkar demanded separate group for the minority races.
(ii) Hindus and Sikhs, live in so-called Pakistan were not considered as minority race.
(iii) Members demanded the representation on behalf of the minority in the Constitution.
(iv) Nagappa demanded minority status for the Harijans.
(v) Ambedkar demanded separate Constitution for the minorities.
6. What was the ‘language controversy, before the Constitution Assembly and how did it seek to resolve the controversy?
Ans: Language Controversy:
(a) Hindustani (Hindi+Urdu) started getting separate due to communal parties.
(b) Language became politicized for communal identity.
(c) R.V. Dhulkar supported Hindi to be made language of the Constitution.
(d) It created a furor (debate) in the Constituent Assembly which was mediated by Pt. Jawahar lal Nehru.
Solutions:
(a) Proceeded slow to make Hindi as the National Language.
(b) Some supported official work to be continued for 15 years in English.
(c) After implementation of the Constitution and Provinces to choose regional language for daily work.
(d) Constituent Assembly: i. Hindi Not National Language. ii. But not Rajbhasha.
7. What was was the Objectives Resolution? What were the ideals expressed in the Objectives Resolution?
Ans: Jawaharlal Nehru presented Objectives Resolution in the Constituent Assembly on 13th December, 1946. It outlined and defined the ideals and objectives of the Constituitiion which are as follows:
(a) India was declared as independent sovereign Republic.
(b) It assured justice, equality, liberty and fraternity to all its citizens.
(c) It provided adequate safeguards to minorities.
(d) It referred to the well being of the backward and depressed classes.
(e) India would combine the liberal ideas of democracy with socialist idea of economic Justice.
(f) India would adopt that form of government which would be acceptable to its people. No imposition from the British would be accepted by the Indian people.
(g) India would be a federation.
(h) India would work for world peace and human welfare.
8. What were the arguments in favour of greater power to the provinces?
Ans: K.Santharam, a member from the Madras defended the rights of the states in the Constituent Assembly. He emphasised the need to strengthen the states.
(i) He was not in favour of vesting more powers with the Centre.
(ii) He was of the opinion the Centre would not be able to perform its duties efficiently in case it is over-burdened.
(iii) The Centre will become automatically strong if all states are made stronger.
(iv) He advocated that the Centre should be given less powers and states should be given more powers.
(v) Proposed allocation of powers between the Centre and States was also a matter of concern for K. Santharam.
(vi) He felt that such a distribution of power would cripple the states.
9. What historical forces shaped the vision of the Constitution ? 5marks
Ans: Following are some historical forces which shaped the vision of the Constitution.
(i) Certain basic values were accepted by all national leaders as a result of the NehruReport and the Fundamental Rights Resolution passed in the Karachi session of the Indian National Congress.
(ii) Universal Adult Franchise, Right to Freedom and Equality and Protection of minority rights were these basic values
(iii) After the results of 1937 elections, the Congress and other political parties were able to form the governmentsin the provinces.
(iv) This experience with legislative and political institutions helped in developing an agreement over institutional design.
(v) Many colonial laws were also thesources of the Indian Constitution.
10. Discuss the different arguments made in favour of protection of the oppressed groups. 5marks
Ans: The arguments were-
(i) It was felt that oppressed classes like tribals and untouchables required special attention and safeguards to enable them to raise their status and come to the levelof the general population.
(ii) Tribals were regarded backward. They were not accepted well in society. They were almost rejected.
(iii) For their upliftment they were required to be assimilated in thesociety. They were also required to be brought into the mainstream of the society.
(iv) Special protection and care were offered to them.
(v) In society untouchables were treated as labourers. Society used their services but did not give them respectable position. They were treated as outcast and keptisolated.
11. What connection did some of the members of the Constituent Assembly make between the political situation of the time and the need for a strong Centre?
Ans: These were-
(i) On 15 of August 1947, India became independent from the British rule. It was declared an independent country. But this independence was painful also.
(ii) India was divided and Pakistan came into existence. This partition was marred with communal violence.
(iii) So many leaders like Jawaharlal Nehru and Ambedkar favoured a strong Central Government for India. For their view they referred riots and violence that were ripping the nation apart.
(iv) It was also felt that a strong centre was the need of the hour.
(v) Peace, prosperity and political stability was not possible in case of a weak centre. It would fail to coordinate vital matters of common concern.
12. How did the Constituent Assembly seek to resolve the language controversy?
Ans: So for a new nation like India it was necessary to give proper attention to the intricacies of different languages. Hindustani: Hindustani was a choice for the Congress and Mahatma Gandhi. Congress had already decided to adopt Hindustani as the national language of the country.
(a) He argued that everyone should speak in a language which is understood by most of the common people.
(b) Hindustani was not a new language. It was a blend of Hindi and Urdu. It was enriched by the interaction of diverse cultures and spoken by most of the people of the country Hindi: R.V. Dhulekar pleaded in favour of Hindi for adopting it as the national language.
(a) He wanted that Hindi should be used as language of constitution-making
(b) He even said that those who did not know Hindustani were not worthy to be the members of the Constituent Assembly Report of the Language Committee:
(a) It suggested that Hindi in Devnagri script should be the official language of the country and tried to resolve the issue.
(b) It also suggested that transition from English to Hindi should be gradual. It was also suggested that during first fifteen years since adoption of the Constitution, English would continue to serve as for official purposes.
Read the passage carefully and answer the following question:
1. The real minorities are the masses of this country (2017) Welcoming the objective Resolution introduced by jwaharlal Nehru.
N.G. Ranga said:
Sir, there is a lot of talk about minorities. Who are the real minorities? Not the Hindus in the so-called Pakistan provinces not the Sikhs, not even the Muslims. No, the real minorities are the masses of this country. These people are so depressed and oppressed and suppressed till now that they are not able to take advantage of the ordinary civil rights. What is the position? You go to the tribal areas. According to law, their own traditional law, their tribal law, their lands cannot be alienated. Yet our merchants go there, and in the so-called free market they are able to snatch their lands. Thus, even though the law goes against this snatching away of their lands, still the merchants are able to turn the tribal people into veritable slaves by various kinds of bonds, and make them hereditary bond-slaves. Let us go to the ordinary villagers. There goes the money-lender with his money and he is able to get the villagers in his pocket. There is the landlord himself, the zamindar, and the malguzar and there are the various other people who are able to exploit these poor villagers. There is no elementary education even among these people. These are the real minorities that need protection and assurances of protection. In order to give them the necessary protection, we will need much more than this Resolution
(i) Who are according to N.G. Ranga the real minorities? 1mark
Ans: The real minorities are the masses of the country. They were oppressed, depressed and suppressed by the upper class in the society till the formation of the constitution.
(ii) Why are they real minorities?
Ans: (a) This minority people were highly exploited by the upper class people in the society form the past.
(b) Even though, the law goes against this snatching away of their lands, still the merchants are able to turn the tribal people into veritable slaves by various kinds of bonds, and make them hereditary bond-slaves.
(c) There is no elementary education even among these people.
Therefore, this people are the real minorities.
(iii) why do they need protection? 2marks
Ans: (a) The minority peoples were highly exploited by the Zamindars, Money-lenders’, most of the time their property, lands were forcefully occupied by them. (b) Though, there is customary law, traditional law; their property was confiscated by the zamindars and money-lenders.
2. “I believe seaparate electorates will be suicidal to the minorities” (2016)
During debate on 27th August 1947, Govind Ballabh pant said: I belive separate electorates will be suicidal to the minorities and will do them tremendous harm. If They are isolated forever, they can never convert themselves into a majority and the feeling of frustation will cripple them even from the very beginning. What is that you desire and what is our ultimate objective? Do the minorities always want to remain as minorities or do they ever expected to form an integral part of a great nation and as such to guide and control its destinies? If they do, can they ever achieve that aspiration and that ideal if they are isolated from the rest of the community? I think it would be extremely dangerous for them if they were segregated from the rest of the community and kept aloof in an air-tight compartment where they would have to rely on others even for the air they breath. The minorities if they are returned by separate electorates can never have any effective voice.
(i) Why according to Pant, separate electorate would be suicidal to the minorities?
Ans: (a) If they are isolated forever, they can never convert themselves into a majority and the feeling of frustation will cripple them even from the very beginning.
(b) Minorities should nor remain as minorities, rather they should join the main stream and form an integral part of a great nation.
(ii) Why does Pant think separate electorate extremely dangerous for the minority?
Ans: Pant considered:
(a) If they were segregated from the rest of teh community and kept aloof in an air-tight compartment where they would have to rely on others even for the air they breath.
(b) The minorities; if they are returned by separate electorates can never have any effective voice.
(c) The minorities always want to remain as minorities, they ever expected to form an integral part of a great nation and as such to guide and control its destinies.
3. “The British element is gone, but they have left the mischiefe behind” (2015, 2014)
Srdar Vallabh Bhai Patel said: It is no use saying that we ask
for separate electorates, because it is good for us. We have heard it long enough. We have heard it for years, and as a result of this agitation we are now a separate nation Can you show me one free country where there are separate electorates? If so, I shall be prepared to accept it. But in this unfortunate country if this separate electorate is going to be persisted in, even after the division of the country, woe betide the country; it is not worth living in. Therefore, I say, it is not for my good alone, it is for your own good that I say it, forget the past. One day, we may be united The British element is gone, but they have left the mischief behind. We do not want to perpetuate that mischief.
(Hear, hear). When the British introduced this element they had not expected that they will have to go so soon. They wanted it for their easy administration. That is all right. But they have left the legacy behind. Are we to get out of it or not?
(i) Why according to Patel are we now a separate nation? 2marks
Ans: (a) Since India is a separate nation from 15th August, 1947, it tries to draft the Constitution of the country
(b) Sardar patel opposed to separate electorate for India. Nowhere a free country of the world is having separate electorate. So India should not go fot it.
(ii) “………it is worth living in.” What according to him, not worth living in and when? 2marks
Ans: If separate electorate is to be persisted even after the vision of India, then it who would betide the country, it is not worth living in. Then nobody will be happy to live in India if separate electorate is introduced.
(iii) “We donot want to prepature that mischief”? What mischiefe does he refer to?
Ans: (a) During the Brtitsh administartion separate electorate was introduced for their selfishdesign of administration. It was their legacy left behind in India.
(b) Separate electorate would divide the country, thereby unity amongst the people will not be achieved.
4. What should the qualities of a national language be? (2014)
A few months before his death Mahatma Gandhi reiterated his
views on the language question: This Hindustani should be neither Sanskritised Hindi nor Persianised Urdu but a happy combination of both. It should also freely admit words
wherever necessary from the different regional languages and also assimilate words from foreign languages, provided that they can mix well and easily with our national language.
Thus our national language must develop into a rich and powerful instrument capable of expressing the whole gamut of human thought and feelings. To confine oneself to Hindi or Urdu would be a crime against intelligence and the spirit of patriotism.
IHARIJANSEVAK, 12th OCTOBER 1947.
(i) Why did Gandhi ji prefer Hindustani as the National Language?
Ans: Following are the reasons: common people.
(b) Hindustani was not a new language. It was a blend of Hindi and Urdu. I
(c) It was enriched by the interaction of diverse cultures and spoken by most of the people of the country.
(d) Hindustani should be neither Sanskritised Hindi nor Persianised Urdu but a happy combination of both.
(ii) What did Gandhi consider against patriotism and intelligence? 2marks
Ans: (a) Hindustani should be neither Sanskritised Hindi nor Persianised Urdu but a happy combination of both.
(b) It should also freely admit words wherever necessary from the different regional languages and also assimilate words from foreign languages, provided that they can mix well and easily with our national language.
5. “Govind Ballabh Pant argued that in order to become a loyal citizen.
People had focusing only on the community and the self. For the success of Democracy one must train himself in the art of self discipline. In democracies one should care less for himself and more for others. There can not be any divided loyalty. All loyalties must exclusively be centred round the State. If in a democracy, you create rival loyalties, or you create a system in which any individual or group, instead of suppressing his extravagance, cares nought for larger or other interests, then democracy is doomed.”
(i) Give three attributes of a loyal citizen in a democracy according to. G. B. Pant. 2marks
Ans: (a) He must train himself in the art of self discipline.
(b) He should care less for himself and more for others.
(ii) What do you understand by ‘Separate Electorate’ ?2
Ans: Under provisions of the government of India Act, 1909. Separate electorates were made for the Muslims. Only Muslims could be elected from these constituencies According to theBritish Administrators it was done in order to safe guard the interests of the Muslims minority.
(iii) Why was the demand for Separate Electorate made during the drafting of the Constitution?
Ans: Some members of the Constituent Assembly felt that a meaningful participation of theminorities in the governance could be ascertained only by the system of separate electorates. They made a strong plea to continue this system.
(iv) Why was G. B. Pant against this demand? Give two reason.
Ans: Govind Ballabh Pant felt that
(a) If, by the system of the Separate Electorate, the minorities are isolated for ever, they can never be able to convert themselves into a majority.
(b) The minorities, if they are returned by Separate Electorates, can never have any effective voice in the governance.
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