On this post, we provide AHSEC Class 12 History Chapter 14: Colonial Cities Notes and important question and answers for the 2025 examination.
After going through this unit you will be able: To trace the causes, circumstances for emergence of new cities like Calcutta, Bombay and Madras. To examine the social, economic life of the people in the newly emerged cities. To discuss the development of the living styles of the Indians with the British and their professions. To elaborate the Architectural styles, followed by the Britishers for their building construction in new cities. To know about the flow of raw materials to the cities from the villages and finished goods from England to India
Chapter – 14
THEME TWELVE: COLONIAL CITIES
Urbanisation, Planning and Architecture
Ahsec Class 12 History Chapter 14 Model questions and Answer for 1 mark: (very short type)
1. In which year was Railway service started in India? 1mark (2018)
Ans: In 1853 it was started in India.
2. When was the first all India census carried out? 1mark (2017)
Ans: In 1872 the first all India census carried out.
3. In which city of India is Fort William situated? 1mark (2016, 2012)
4. Name three important centre of Mughal administration.
Ans: Agra, Delhi and Lahore.
5. Who was the First Prime Minister of India? Imark
Ans: The first Prime Minister of India was Jawaharlal Nehru.
6. Who was kotwal? 1mark
Ans: Kotwal, was an imperial official, who oversaw the internal affairs and policing of the town.
7. Who were the first settlers in India as foreigners? 1
Ans: The Portuguese, settled in Goa, 1510 C.E.
8. When did battle of Plassey fought?(HS 2024)
Ans: In 1857 CE
9. What is the modern name of Calcutta? 1mark
Ans: Kolkata is the modern name.
10. In when the Survey of India was established. Imark
Ans: In 1878 CE
11. Name the Railway towns. Imark
Ans: Railway towns like Jamalpur, Waltair and Bareilly.
12. Where is Fort St George situated?
Ans: It was situated in Madras.
13. Name two goods which were produced from the hill stations. Imark
Ans: Tea and Coffee.
14. Define puram.
Ans: Puram is used to describe a village.
15. Where is Fort. William situated? Imark
Ans: In Kolkata.
16. Name the city, which was the capital of British Indian administration. 1mark
Ans: Kolkata was the capital of India during Colonial period.
17. Who were the Telugu Komatis? 1mark
Ans: Komatis were a powerful commercial group that controlled the grain trade in the city
18. Name three villages which Calcutta city was grown. 1
Ans: The villages were Sutanati, Kolkata and Govindapur
19. In when Lord Wellesley became the Governor General. Imark
Ans: In 1798, Lord Wellesley became the Governor General.
20. Name the committee who carried out the plan for Calcutta city.
Ans: The Lottery Committee.
21. By how many island, Bombay formed. Imark
Ans: Bombay was initially formed of seven islands.
22. When did the American Civil War started? Imark
Ans: In 1861 A.D.
23. Name the places which were connected for the first time by railway. Imark
Ans: Bombay to Thane in 1853.
24. In when the Supreme court was established in India? 1mark
Ans: In 1773 A.D. in Calcutta.
25. In when Universities in Bombay Madras and Calcutta was established. Imark
Ans: In 1857 A.D.
26. When did transfer of capital from Calcutta to Delhi? 1 (HS 2024)
Ans: In 1911 it transferred.
27. Which was the commercial capital of British India? (HS 2024)
Ans:- Calcutta
Ahsec Class 12 History Chapter 14 Model questions and Answer for 2 Marks :
1. Mention two artisanal tasks which were dependent on female labour in India in the 16th& 17th centuries. 2marks (2019)
Ans: Artisanal tasks such as spinning yarn, sifting and kneading clay for pottery and embroidery were the many aspects of production dependent on female labour.
2. What were the Qasbah and Ganj? 2marks (2017)
Ans: These were-
(i) Qasbah is a small town in the countryside, often the seat of a local notable.
(ii) Ganj refers to a small fixed market. Both qasbah and ganj dealt in cloth, fruit, vegetables and milk products. They provided for noble families and the army.
3. What were White and Black towns? 2 (2016, 2013)
Ans: From the beginning there were separate quarters for Europeans and Indians, which came to be labelled in contemporary writings as the “White Town” and “Black Town” British living areas was known as White town and the Black towns were the living area of the Indians
4. Write any two difficulties faced by the Census officials collecting and classifying data? 2marks (2013)
Ans: The difficulties faced by the Census officials:
(i) People were claiming identities that they associated with higher status.
(ii) The figures of mortality and disease were difficult to collect, for all deaths were not registered, and illness was not always reported, nor treated by licensed doctors.
5. Mention two colonial architectural styles which can be seen in Bombay city. 2marks(HS 2024, 2013)
Ans: The different colonial architectural styles which can be seen in Bombay city
(i) The new classical/The neo-classical Its characteristics included construction of geometrical structure fronted with lofty pillars It was derived from a style that was originally typical of buildings in ancient Rome, and was subsequently revived, re-adapted and made popular during the European Renaissance. For example, The Town Hall in Bombay and Elphinstone Circle / Horniman Circle.
(ii) The neo-Gothic: It is characterised by high-pitched roofs, pointed arches and detailed decoration. The Gothic style had its roots in buildings, especially churches, built in northern Europe during the medieval period. For example, The Secretariat, University of Bombay, High Court of Bombay and Victoria Terminus.
6. Name two proper Industrial cities of India which emerged during colonial period. 2marks Ans: There were only two proper industrial cities, these were-
(i) Kanpur, specialising in leather, woollen and cotton textiles, and
(ii) Jamshedpur, specialising in steel.
7. What is the special feature of Madurai and Kanchipuram? 2marks
Ans: In the towns of South India such as Madurai and Kanchipuram the principal focus was thetemple. These towns were also important for commerce, religious festivals, and fairs. The ruler was the principal patron of religious institutions
8. Census data are very useful in reconstructing pattern of urbanization in the colonial context. 2marks
Ans: (i) These data are useful of know exact number of population as well as the total population of white and blacks
(ii) These data also tell us upto what extent total number of people or total population had been affected adversely by the fearful or deadly diseases.
(iii) Census data provide us complete information about total number of different communities, their language, their works and means of livelihood as well as about their caste and religion also
9. What were Civil Lines during the colonial rule? 2
Ans: After the Revolt of 1857British attitudes in India were shaped by a constant fear of rebellion. They felt that towns needed to be better defended, and white people had to live in more secure and segregated enclaves, away from the threat of the “natives” Pasturelands and agricultural field around the older towns were cleared, and new urban spaces called “Civil Lines” were set up White people began to live in the Civil Lines.
10. Why did the records of the colonial cities were preserved? 2marks
Ans: (1) Tow know the change of population.
(ii) For reconstructing the history of growth of the colonial cities
11. Write a common characteristic of the three colonial cities Bombay, Calcutta and Madras? 2marks
Ans: (i) The English East India Company established their administrative and trade centres in these cities.
(ii) Ports developed near these cities.
12. Write the names of any three hill stations established by the British in India?
Ans: Shimla, Mount Abu and Darjeeling
13. What were the Writer’s buildings?
Ans: Along the shore were godowns, mercantile offices, insurance agencies for shipping, transport depots, banking establishments. Further inland were the chief administrative offices of the Company. Gradually, these were becoming writer’s building.
14. Who were the Dubashes? 2marks
Ans: The dubashes were Indians who could speak two languages the local language and English. They worked as agents and merchants, acting as intermediaries between Indian society and the British. They used their privileged position in government to acquire wealth. Their powerful position in society was established by their charitable works and patronage of temples in the Black Town.
15. Why and when The Gateway of India was built? 2
Ans: The Gateway of India, built in the traditional Gujarati style to welcome King George V and Queen Mary of England to India in 1911
16. What Buildings and Architectural Styles tell to history? 2marks
Ans: (i) Architecture reflects the artistic ideals prevalent at a time, and variations within those ideals.
(ii) So by looking at the architecture of a particular time, we can understand how power was conceived of and how it was expressed through structures and their attributes – bricks and stones, pillars and arches, soaring domes or vaulted roofs.
Ahsec Class 12 History Chapter 14 Model questions and Answer for 3/4 Marks :
1. Give an account on the economic activities of the new three cities during colonial period. 4marks
Ans: The economic activities of the English in three Cities- Madras (Chennai), Calcutta(Kolkata) and Bombay (Mumbai).
(i) All three were originally fishing and weaving villages. They became important centres oftrade due to the economic activities of the English East India Company.
(ii) Bombay-English King’s DowryCompany agents settled in Madras in 1639 and in Calcutta in 1690.
(iii) Bombay was given to the Company in 1661 by the English king, who had got it as part of his wife’sdowry from the king of Portugal.
(iv) The Company established trading and administrative offices in each of these settlements.
2. Explain briefly towns and cities in Pre-colonial times. 4marks
Ans: (i) Towns were often defined in opposition to rural areas.
(ii) They came to represent specific forms of economic activities and cultures.
(iii) Towns were peopled with artisans, traders, administrators and rulers.
(iv) Towns and cities were often fortified by walls which symbolised their separation from the countryside.
(v) There was a reverse flow of humans and goods from towns to villages.
3. To what extent are census data useful in reconstructing patterns of urbanisation in the colonial context?
Or “A careful study of census reveals some fascinating trends of urbanisation in 19th century.” Support the statement with facts. 4marks
Ans: A careful study of the data collected through the census provides us a lot of information in understanding the trend of urbanisation. It can be examined as under:
(i) The process of urbanisation was sluggish in India after 1800.
(ii) In the nineteenth century and in first two decades of the twentieth century the proportion of the urban population was very low and stagnant.
(iii) Which recorded between 1900 and 1940, A 13% increase in the urban population which recorded between whereas during the same period, these was a overall10% increase in the population of the whole country.
(iv) The data, thus, collected helps us in the enumeration of people according to their age, sex, caste, religion, occupation, etc.
4. What do the terms “White” and “Black” Town signify? 4marks
Ans: (i)The British had white skin as they were often described ‘white’ and they considered themselves as superior to others.
(ii) On the other hand, the blacks had brown or black skin. So they were known as the ‘black’.
(iii) The White signified their superiority over the black due to the colour of their skin.
(iv) The British symbolised the Black areas full of chaos and anarchy, filth and disease and on the other hand, the white areas stood for cleanliness and hygiene.
5. How did prominent Indian merchants establish themselves in the colonial city? 4marks
Ans: The prominent Indian merchants and traders settled in colonial cities like Bombay, Calcutta and Madras. They served as agents or middlemen for the British andlived traditionally built courtyard houses in the Black Town. They centred over large tracts of land in these cities and heavily made investments for the future. Theywanted to impress their British masters or colonial ruler or white people living in white towns by giving lavish parties during festivals seasons and built temples toestablish their supremacy and prestige in society.
6. What are the different colonial architectural styles which can be seen in Bombay city?
Ans: The different colonial architectural styles of Bombay were-
(i) In the past, buildings were at odds with the traditional Indian buildings. Gradually, Indians too got used to European architecture and made it their own.
(ii) The Britishin turn adapted some Indian styles to suit their needs. One example is the bungalow which was used by government officers in Bombay.
(iii) The colonial bungalow was seton extensive grounds which ensured privacy.
(iv) The traditional pitched roof and surrounding veranda kept the bungalow cool in summer months. These bungalows can still be seen in the city.
7. What were the new kinds of public places that emerged in the colonial city? What functions did they serve? 4
Ans: The new kinds of public places and its functions were-
(i) The Indians found the new colonial cities as bewildering. They were surpassed the new transport facilities available here.
(ii) The means of transport facilities whichincluded horse- drawn carnages, tram and buses.
(iii) Enabled the people to live at faraway places from the city centre. Now they lived at some other places and servedat some other places.
(iv) Emergence of new public places: The new colonial cities faraway place witnessed new public places such as the theatres, cinema-halls, gardens, public parks, etc. Besides these were clubs and Garden Houses.
8. Why were the hill stations developed in India by Britishers? 4marks
Ans: The hill stations developed in India by Britishers because-
(i) Need of British army.
(ii) Strategic places of Army.
(iii) Cool climate temptation for Britishers like the climate of England.
(iv) Free from epidemics.
(v) Healthy climate
(vi) Home away home for Britishers.
Ahsec Class 12 History Chapter 14 Model questions and Answer for 5 Marks :
1. What were the concerns that influenced the British in their town planning in India in the 19th century? 5marks (2018)
Ans: These were-
(i) Two concerns which influenced the town planning in the nineteenth century were defence and health.
(ii) In many towns British built forts to protect their factories. Around the fort a vast open space was left open. This vast space was known as the Maidan.
(iii) It was done so that there would be no obstructions to a straight line of fire from the Fort against an advancing enemy.
(iv) Attempts were also made to improve the sanitation and cleanliness by creating open spaces in the city.
(v) For this purpose, in Calcutta many bazaars, ghats and burial grounds were cleared.
2. How the colonial port cities rapidly emerged as new economic capitals? 5marks (2012)
Ans: These were emerged rapidly due to-
(i) With political and commercial realignments, old towns went into decline and new towns developed.
(ii) Changes in the networks of trade were reflected in the history of urban centres. The European Commercial Companies had set up base in different places early during the Mughal era.
(iii) With the expansion of commercial activity, towns grew around these trading centres.
(iv) It became centres of colonial administration and political power. New buildings and institutions developed, and urban spaces were ordered in new ways.
(v) The introduction of railways in 1853 meant a change in the fortunes of towns.
3. To what extent social relations were transformed in the new colonial cities. 5marks (2012)
Ans: (i) There was a big contrast between extreme wealth and poverty in the new cities. New means of transport facilities such as horse-drawn carriages, trams, buses,etc. made travelling from home to work an interesting experience.
(ii) Creation of public places like theatres public parks and cinema halls provided new forms of entertainment and social interaction.
(iii) New social groups were formed people of all classes started to migrate to the cities.
(iv) Cities also offered new opportunities for women. They chose new professions in the city as factory workers, teachers, film actresses, etc. for a long time so womenremained objects of social censure.
4. How the Indians attracted to the newly emerged cities? What kind of facilities they enjoyed? 5marks
Ans: For the Indian population, the new cities were in constant change.
(i) There was a dramatic contrast between extreme wealth and poverty.
(ii) New transport facilities meant that people could live at a distance from the city centre.
(iii) There was a gradual separation of the place of work from the place of residence.
(iv) Travelling from home to office or the factory was a completely new kind of experience.
Condition of women in cities:
(i) Cities offered new opportunities for women.
(ii) Middle-class women expressed themselves through the medium of journals, autobiographies and books.
(iii) Over time they became more visible in public as new professions in the city as domesticand factory workers, teachers, and theatre and film actresses.
Working class- Another new class in the cities
(i) Another new class within the cities was the labouring poor or the working class. Paupersfrom rural areas moved to the cities in the hope of employment.
(ii) Some saw cities as places of opportunity; others were attracted by different way of life.
(iii) To minimize costs of living in the city, most male migrants left their families behind in theirvillage homes. 5marks
5. Give an account on the Mughal Towns.
Ans: The Mughal Towns:
(i) During the sixteenth and seventeenth century, the towns built by the Mughals were famous for their concentration of populations, their monumental buildings and their Imperial grandeur and wealth.
(ii) Agra, Delhi and Lahore were important centres of imperial administration and control.Mansabdars and jagirdars who usually maintained houses in these cities.
(iii) The presence of the emperor and noblemen in these centres meant that a wide variety of services had to be provided.
(iv) The treasury was also located in the imperial capital.
(v) The emperor lived in a fortified palace and the town was enclosed by a wall, with entry andexit being regulated by different gates.
(vi) Within these towns were gardens, mosques, temples, tombs, colleges, bazaars andcaravanserais.
6. What were the changes that happened with towns in the eighteenth century?
Ans: The changes:
(i) Decline of Mughal power and old towns:
(a) The eighteenth century old towns went into decline and new towns developed. The Mughal capitals, Delhi and Agra, lost their political authority.
(ii) The growth of regional capitals
(a) This period saw the growth of regional capitals– Lucknow, Hyderabad, Seringapatam, Poona (Pune), Nagpur, Baroda (Vadodara) and Tanjore (Thanjavur).
(b) Some local nobles and officials associated to Mughals rule also created new urbansettlements.
(iii) Companies set up base (trading centres)
(a) The European commercial Companies had set up base in different places early during the Mughal era: the Portuguese in Panaji in 1510, the Dutch in Masulipatnam in 1605, theBritish in Madras in 1639 and the French in Pondicherry (present-day Puducherry) in 1673.
(b) Towns started growing around trading centres.
(c) Growth of sea based empires deciding the nature of society
(d) By the end of the eighteenth century the land-based empires in Asia were replaced by thepowerful sea-based European empires.
(iv) New buildings and institutions developed in colonial cities
(a) Colonial port cities such as Madras, Calcutta and Bombay rapidly emerged as the neweconomic capitals.
(b) New buildings and institutions developed, and urban spaces were ordered in new ways.
7. Examine the changes in the nature of the colonial city after the Revolt of 1857. 5marks
Ans: The nature of the colonial city changed further in the mid- nineteenth century.
(i) Civil Lines: The white people wanted to live in more secure and segregated enclaves, away from the threat of the “natives”. The pasture lands and agricultural fields around the older towns were cleared, and new urban spaces called “Civil Lines” were set up. The white people began to live in the Civil Lines.
(i) Cantonments places the cantonments where Indian troops under European were stationed and developed as safe enclaves. These areas were separate in towns with broad streets, bungalows, gardens, barracks, parade ground and churches etc.
(iii) Black areas: For the British, the “Black” areas came to symbolize not only chaos and anarchy, but also filth and disease.
(iv) Cleanliness and hygiene of the “White” areas: Measures were taken for cleanliness andhygiene of the “White” areas.
(v) Sanitary vigilance: From the 1860s and 1870s, stringent administrative measures regarding sanitation were implemented and building activity in the Indian towns was regulated.
8. Examine how concerns of defence and health gave shape to Calcutta. 5marks
Ans: The concerns of defence and health gave shape to Calcutta were-
(i) Siraj-ud-daula, the Nawab of Bengal in 1756, sacked the small fort from British. In this fort the British traders had built to house their goods.
(ii) Consequently, when Siraj-ud-daula was defeated in the Battle of Plassey, the British built a new fort, Fort William which could not be easily attacked.
(iii) Soon the British began to move out of the Fort. They built
residences along the periphery of the Maidan. This indicates that how the English Settlement in Calcutta began to take shape.
(iv) The vast open space around the Fort William became the significant town planning measure in Calcutta (Kolkata).
(v) Lord Wellesley was more concerned about the conditions that existed in the cities. Cities were overcrowded, and had no sanitation facilities. He issued an administrative order in 1803 on the need for town planning and set up various committees.
(vi) As a result of this, many bazaars, ghats, burial ground and tanneries were cleared or removed. After Wellesley’s departure, the Lottery Committee carried on with the work of town planning in Calcutta. sing
9. How were urban centres transformed during the eighteenth century? 5marks
Ans: The urban centres transformed :
(i) The disintegration of the Mughal empire after the death of Aurangzab paved the way of emergence of powerful regional powers. The capital cities of theseregional kingdom likes Lucknow, Poona, Nagpur and Barda now become important.
(ii) Taking the advantage of this opportunity many nobles and officials created new urban settlements such as the qasbah and ganj.c
(iii) The European companies too had set up their bases in different parts of India during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
(iv) From the mid-eighteenth century trading centres like Surat and Dhakha which had grown in the seventeenth century now began to decline as trade shifted to other places. Now the new places like Calcutta, Madras got importance.
(v) In these newly developed cities many new buildings were built and new occupations developed.
10. What were the new kinds of public places that emerged in the colonial city? What function did they serve? 5
Ans: The new kinds of public places:
(i) By the 18th century, Madras, Calcutta and Bombay had become important points and cities. The settlement that came up here were convenient points for collecting goods.
(ii) The English East India Company built its factories (i.e. mercantile offices) there and because of competition among European companies fortified their settlement for protection.
(iii) In Madras, Fort St. George, in Calcutta Fort William and in Bombay the Fort marked out the areas of British settlement which were known as ‘White town’.
(iv) The Indian Merchants, artisan and other women who had economic dealings with Europeans merchants lived outside their fort. These forts in settlement of train own known as ‘Black Towns’.
(v) Kanpur, specializing in leather, wooden and cotton textile an d Jamshedpur, specializing in steel were prominent.sta
(vi) In 1864 Viceroy John Lawrence officially moved his councils to Shimla.
11. What was the condition of the cities during the colonial rule in India? 5marks
Ans: The condition of the cities:
(i) New class of laborious poor and workers were emerging. Rural labourers were migrating to the cities for employment. Many were migrating due to the attractive city life.
(ii) Colonial rulers conducted surveys. They collected the statistical datas and published the governmental reports time to time.
(iii) Maps of Madras, Bombay and Culcutta were quite different from the old ones. Architecture of the buildings were changed.
(iv) A large number of labours were coming to the hill stations where plantation of tea and coffee were done.
(v) There were a number of opportunities for women in the cities. Some social reformers supported women educations which was opposed by the orthodox opposed it. Gradually, the participation of women in public places increased.
12. How did prominent Indian merchants establish themselves in the colonial city? 5marks
Ans: Prominent Indian merchant establish themselves in colonial city in different phases. They establish themselves in all the three metro colonial cities i.e., Madras (Channai), Bombay (Mumbai) and Calcutta (Kolkata).
(i) First of all, these Indian merchants tried to establish their relation of the agents of the company.
(ii) Prominent Indian merchant played active role in collecting opium from different places of Rajasthan and Malwa. They use to bring opium on the back of horses, ponies, camels by road transport etc.
(iii) As the industrial revolution in England started and expanded. These colonial cities became entry point for British manufacture goods and for the expert of Indian raw materials.
(iv) The introduction of railways in 1853 meant a change in the fortunes of towns. Economic activity gradually shifted away from traditional towns which were located along old routes and rivers.
(v) The Indian merchants included the people of different communities and castes such as Parsi, Marwari, Konkani, Arbs, Gujarati. Baniyas, Boras and Jews. Some of the members of this community invested money in modern big industry, shipping and Airlines also.
13. Describe the growth of cantonments in India? 5marks
Ans: For the defence of their Empire, the British Government established cantonments at strategic places.
(i) They built cantonment on the borders of the many important native states to check the disturbance in these states and to control the activities of the rulers.
(ii) In 1765, Lord Robert Clive initiated the policy of building cantonments for British troops to keep them “cantoned” in one place, to enforce discipline and military way of life and also to keep them in a sanitized environment.
(iii) During that time there were 62 cantonments in India. In the 18th and 19th centuries, the most important colonies in India were at Lahore, Peshawar, Ferozpur, Agra, Bareily, Jallandhar, Jhansi, Nagpur, Bombay, Calcutta, Madras and Delhi.
(iv) The newly established cantonment at Bhatinda is the largest of the 62 cantonments in the country. The Director General of Defence Estates is the apex body of the Defence Estates organization having its offices in various parts of the country.
(v) The cantonments are administered by the Cantonment Boards. The Cantonment Boards are autonomous bodies functioning under the overall control of the Central Government in the Ministry of Defence under the provisions of Cantonments Act, 1924.
14. What are the different colonial architectureal styles which can be seen in Bombay city?
Ans: The different colonial architectural styles which can be seen in Bombay city
(i) The new classical / The neo-classical: Its characteristics included construction of geometrical structure fronted with lofty pillars It was derived from a style that was originally typical of buildings in ancient Rome, and was subsequently revived, re-adapted and made popular during the European Renaissance. For example, The Town Hall in Bombay and Elphinstone Circle / Horniman Circle.
(ii) The neo-Gothic: It is characterised by high-pitched roofs, pointed arches and detailed decoration. The Gothic style had its roots in buildings, especially churches, built in northern Europe during the medieval period. For example, The Secretariat, University of Bombay, High Court of Bombay and Victoria Terminus.
(iii) The Indo-Saracenic: A new hybrid architectural style which combined the Indian with the European style. “Indo” was shorthand for Hindu and “Saracen” was a term Europeans used to designate Muslim. For example, The Gateway of India and The Taj Mahal Hotel.
Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions thatfollows:
“Escaping to the Countryside”
This is how the famous poet Mirza Ghalib described what the people of Delhi did when the British forces occupied the city in 1857: Smiting the enemy and driving him before them, the victors (i.e., the British) overran the city in all directions. All whom they found in the street they cut down … For two to three days every road in the city, from the Kashmiri Gate to Chandni Chowk, was a battlefield. Three gates the Ajmeri, the Turcoman and the Delhi – were still held by the rebels… At thenaked spectacle of this vengeful wrath and malevolent hatred the colour fled frommen’s faces, and a vast concourse of men and women took to precipitate flightthrough these three gates. Seeking the little villages and shrines outside the city, they drew breath to wait until such time as might favour their return.
(i) Who was Mirza Ghalib?
Ans: Mirza Ghalib was a famous poet.
(ii) What was happening in Delhi in 1857 and why?
Ans: After the revolt of 1857, Delhi was be seized by the rebels. But soon it was recovered by the British army.
(iii) Which three gates were under the rebels, while British army was occupying Delhi?
Ans: The three gates were the Ajmeri, the Turcoman and the Delhi.
(iv) What was the condition of the people of Delhi? 3
Ans: The colour fled from men’s faces, and a vast concourse of men and women took to precipitate flight through these three gates. Seeking the little villages and shrines outside the city, they drew breath to wait until such time as might favourtheir return.
-000-
ACCESS ALL CHAPTER NOTESAdvantages of AHSEC Class 12 History Solutions 2025 by The Treasure Notes:
- Mastery of the Subject: AHSEC Class 12 History Solutions provided by The Treasure Notes help you gain a thorough understanding of the subject, enabling you to master historical concepts and facts.
- Comprehensive Coverage: The solutions are organized chapter-wise, allowing you to clear all your queries systematically and revise the entire syllabus effectively.
- Efficient Homework and Assignment Completion: With these solutions, you can complete your homework and assignments on time, ensuring that you stay on track with your studies.
- Confidence Building: The step-by-step approach provided in the solutions boosts your confidence by making it easier to tackle complex exam questions.
- Strong Foundation: Using The Treasure Notes, you can build a strong foundation in history, which is essential for higher secondary Exam.
FAQs
Are there any chapter-wise solutions and important question answers available for AHSEC Class 12 History 2025?
Yes, chapter-wise solutions and important question answers for AHSEC Class 12 History Notes 2025 are available on The Treasure Notes website. These resources cover every aspect of the topic, including important question answers for exams as well as previous year question answers.
Where can I find the AHSEC Class 12 History-Solved question papers for 2012-2024?
You can find the AHSEC Class 12 History-Solved question papers for 2012-24 on The Treasure Notes educational websites that provide detailed analysis and explanations for all the questions.
Can I download AHSEC Class 12 History notes and question papers in PDF format?
Yes, you can download AHSEC Class 12 History notes and question papers in PDF format from The Treasure Notes online educational platform.
Last Words
We hope you liked AHSEC Class 12 History Important Notes, Solution Based on AHSEC 2024-2025 Syllabus. For more such Notes, Solved Question papers, and Study Materials you can visit our AHSEC PAGE through the menu bar. If you have any questions or suggestions, please comment below or contact us at thetreasurenotes@gmail.com.
